How to use the programme
In [Guide]Introduction
it is explained how you make GroenOrd available on
your computer. The running programme has a topmost bar with a number of
push-buttons on the screen: [input] [full articles +] [,+]
[+-] [;] [Bdg '] [analysis -] [-+] [--] [/]. Last
come: [Guide] [Grammar] [vejledning] [grammatik] and Window.
The main window contains an upper
left window with results and a lower right window with guide or dictionary. If
you place the cursor on the uppermost blue bar of a window and press the left
mouse button down, the window will follow the cursor.
Here follows an explanation to the
first nine push-buttons, ending with [right part /]. I shall start with the
first six:
[input] [full articles +] [,+] [+-] [;] [Bdg
']
The first push-button above is
[input]; if you push it, a small dialog box will pop up. Here you may write the
Greenlandic or Danish word that is to be looked up. You may also point at the
word in a window and double click the left mouse button, or point and tap the
mouse pad on a laptop PC. It is possible to write in the window 'resultater / results'.
Now give the word "qajaavoq" (without quotation marks). In the result
window the programme will respond:
looked in (double
click/tap) : K171 f30 O215 B77 d67
Kr: (r25,21)
_qajaavoq, omkommer i kajak.
OseP: (i84;88 1) {qajaq;
PI 319:8 qayau-} >qajaavoq
. er omkommet i kajak E has perished in a kayak *
OseP(2): (i84;88 2) * >qajaavoq: =qaannakkut =ajunaarpoq; _qajaasoqarajoqaaq, qajaangajappoq
The word was found in Kr (r25,21) and in OseP (i84,88 1 and 2),
see [Guide]Introduction. The meaning apparently is '[he] has perished in a
kayak', in Greenlandic: "qaannakkut ajunaarpoq". E.g. "i84;88
1" means the first segment of article (= line) no.
A double click on "K171"
will show the place in an an
alphabetical version of the lexicon Kr. A double click on "O215"
shows the place in an alphabetical version of the lexicon OseP.
The programme remembers the latest
given word. It will show full lexicon articles if you give an entry word
through the push-button [full articles +], i.e. with a sign "+":
Kr: (r25,21)
_qajaavoq, omkommer i kajak.
OseP: (i84,88) {qajaq;
PI 319:8 qayau-} >qajaavoq
. er omkommet i kajak E has perished in a kayak * >qajaavoq: =qaannakkut =ajunaarpoq; _qajaasoqarajoqaaq, _qajaangajappoq
If you give a word through the
push-button [,+], the programme will leave out some
references in Ose (between "}" and
"*") to other articles and dictionaries. Here are no such references,
but see below under [analysis -].
A double click on "88" in
"i84;88" also displays the full article on
the screen. And a double click on "88" in "i84,88"
(with a comma) will show that region of the dictionary file i84 in a new window
down to the right. The lines are not broken at the right window border if you
add a "-" in front (i.e. "-i84,88")
before double clicking on "88".
Give a word through the push-button
[+-] and see the articles just as they are in the lexicon:
(r25,21) * _qajaavoq, omkommer i kajak.
(i84,88) "qajaa
2 10.*{qajaq; PI 319:8 qayau-}
+voq . er omkommet i kajak \ has perished
in a kayak * >qajauvoq:
=qáinákut =ajunârpoq; _qajau%ssoqarajoqaoq, _qajau%ngajagpoq.
The dictionary P (after an
"*" last in the articles from OseP) is now
shown in the original, more detailed old orthography (here with "_qajau%" instead of "-"). The programme
otherwise transforms P to new orthography before showing it on the screen.
First in the article from OseP (when you give the word through [+-]) comes the stem
form. qajaa2 is an intransitive (10.) verbal stem (2).
The following curly bracket tells us that this stem probably is a derivation of
the stem in the word "qajaq". "PI
319:8 qayau-" is information from CED =
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary. "qayau-" is
the proposed Inuit proto-form; it occurs as no. 8 on page
OseP contains two Greenlandic-Danish dictionaries, viz
O and s = S, see [Guide]Introduction. " . " after the word indicates that it is in both
dictionaries, and then O alone is shown. But e = the English translation of s
is shown after an E, and you may obtain s by giving the word through the
push-button [;]:
(a133,58) "qajaavoq
>qajaavoq . er omkommet i kajak
O and s say the same in this case.
The programme also looked for the
given word in the alphabetically ordered Bdg =
Danish-Greenlandic dictionary (1960). ("qajaavoq"
and) a double click on "B77" will show the (approximate) place in Bdg where the programme stopped its search for the given
word (which isn't Danish). A double click on "d67" will show the
expected place in a list of the Danish words in Bdg.
If you give a Danish or Greenlandic
word through the push-button [Bdg '], i.e. with a
sign "'", the programme will show the article segments in Bdg where the word occurs. The programme shows the first up
to 50 finds in each dictionary. You may write another maximum number between 1
and 200 (and a space) before the given word, e.g. "3 kajak"
through [Bdg '].
[analysis
-]
If you give a word through [analysis
-], i.e. with a sign "-", the programme will attempt an analysis. Try
with "qajaavoq":
qajaavoq, qa=jaa=voq (2 4 3)
OseP: (i84;88 1) {qajaq; PI 319:8 qayau- +} >qajaavoq . er omkommet
i kajak E has perished in a
kayak *
OseP(2): (i84;88 2) *
>qajaavoq: =qaannakkut =ajunaarpoq; _qajaasoqarajoqaaq, _qajaangajappoq
More (double click/tap) : K r P g 0 4 11
Now the programme also shows how the
given word is divided in (Greenlandic) syllables. The second syllable has the
'weight' 2+2=4 because the vowel is long (aa).
The third syllable has the 'weight' 2+1=3 because it ends in a consonant (q). The
word is pronounced with most stress on the heavier second syllable. When the
syllables of a word have equal 'weight', there is more stress on the first,
third and fifth etc. syllable from the end.
Last comes
a line with letters and numbers. You may select one of them at a time by double
clicking or by pointing and tapping. Selection of a letter will show what the
programme has found in the dictionary in question. If you give the letter with
a sign "-", the articles are shown just as they are in the
dictionary.
("-qajaavoq"
and) selection of "P" gives:
P : tekstord i Ordbogeeraq E word in the text of (Ose)P (dobbeltklik på tal efter
';' viser hele artiklen E double click on number after ';' shows the full
article)
OseP: (i84;25
12) -#qaannakkut
=pivoq: =qajaavoq
More (double click/tap) : K r O g 0 4 11
(Other uses of "P" will be
shown if the latest analysis gave nothing under this letter.)
Selection of "0" (the
digit) gives:
0 : enkleste analyse(r) E simplest analysis/analyses
Analysis : qajaa/voq/ = qajaa2.Poq1.€0 (indi,3e)
<qajaa2 verbalstamme E verbal stem> OseP: (i84;88) {qajaq; PI 319:8 qayau-} >qajaavoq . er
omkommet i kajak E has perished in a kayak * >qajaavoq: =qaannakkut =ajunaarpoq; _qajaasoqarajoqaaq, _qajaangajappoq
<.Poq1 indikativ (fremsættemåde) E indicative>
<.€0 3. person
ental E 3rd person singular>
More (double click/tap) : K r O P g 4 11
"qajaavoq" is probably the verbal stem qajaa2
with inflexion for indicative, 3rd person singular. "4" gives a
deeper analysis:
4
Analysis :
qaja/a/voq/
= qajaq4.u2.Poq1.€0 (indi,3e) [-u-]
<qajaq4 navnestamme E noun stem> OseP:
(i84;201) {PE 319:5 qayaR}
>qajaq . kajak
S (med mand i) E kayak
(with a man in it) | >qaannat . kajakker, kajakmænd
| >qaannat =marluk =aggerput: S der kommer to kajakmænd roende E there are two kayak men who come paddling | -#qaannap -#qaannamut -#qaannanut | >qajara =iluarsarallarlara: S lad mig først ordne min kajak! E let me first arrange my kayak | -#qaannama -#qajaa -§qajarpoq | -§qajakasiga -§qajakua #qajapilorujussuaq | #qajarsiaq #qajarsiaa | -§qajarsissagaluarama #qajassaa *
>qajaq, t aann -§qajartaarpoq, #qajarsiorpoq,
&qajassiaq | >qaannat, tq | -#qaannakkut =pivoq: =qajaavoq
<.u2 føjes til
navnestamme, danner verbalstamme E is added to a noun stem, forms a verbal stem> 'er (en/et) ..' .uvoq
<.Poq1 indikativ (fremsættemåde) E indicative>
<.€0 3. person ental E 3rd person singular>
More (double
click/tap) : K
r O P g 0 11
The stem qajaa2 'perish in a kayak'
may be qajaq4 expanded with .u2 'be (a) ..'. Or "qajaavoq" may be "qajaq"
with the affix ".uvoq", as it is usually
put. You may enter them all by double clicking. "qajaavoq" doesn't mean 'he is a kayak', however;
but the kayaker is one with his vessel, and even more so when he hangs dead in
it. Later, only the kayak is found.
Double click on a word with a sign
other than "=" will show what another article or dictionary says about the word. Try it, and see an explanation in
[Guide]The dictionaries.
If you give a word through the
push-button [,+], these references (in Ose only) to other articles or dictionaries are left out:
Kr: (r25,10)
§qajaq, 2. (pl. =qaannat),
1) en kajak (den eskimoiske mandfolkebåd, her altid kun til én mand og med én
åre med blad i begge ender; ellers også bekendt under navnet 'bajdar'); 2) manden i sin kajak. Jvf. =umiaq.
OseP: (i84,25) {PE 319:5 qayaR} >qajaq . kajak E kayak (with a man in it) | >qaannat O kajakker, kajakmænd | >qaannat
=marluk =aggerput: S der
kommer to kajakmænd roende E there are two kayak
men who come paddling | >qajara =iluarsarallarlara: S lad mig først ordne min kajak! E let me first arrange
my kayak * >qajaq, t aann -§qajartaarpoq, #qajarsiorpoq,
&qajassiaq
| >qaannat, tq | -#qaannakkut =pivoq: =qajaavoq
[-+] [--]
If you give a word through the
push-button [-+], the programme will also take Danish word parts into
consideration during analysis. See [Guide]Analysis
with Danish.
If the programme (still) cannot recognize
all the parts of the given word, it will add a "0" before the numbers
(for analyses) smaller than 10: 00, 01 and so on. Numbers greater than 9 (09)
are not shown in this case.
If you give a number for already
found analyses through the push-button [--], the programme will show
relation-and-Role diagrams for those analyses in a new window, see [Grammar]Diagrams.
[/]
The affix .uvoq
occurs in the shape "avoq" in "qajaavoq". If you cannot remember the standard form,
give "avoq" through the pushbutton [/] and
obtain some suggestions:
looked in (double
click/tap) : O6
<føjes
til verbalstamme E is added to a verbal stem> OseP:
(i139,130) (2) {-a/} /avoq : .(T)ivoq '.. (nogen/noget)'
<føjes til verbalstamme E is added to a verbal stem> OseP(2):
(i146,198) (2) {-i/} /avoq : .javoq 'er tilbøjelig til at .., .. let'
<føjes til ord eller navnestamme E is added to a word or a noun stem> OseP(3):
(i155,139) (0/4) {-a/} /avoq : .uvoq 'er (en/et) ..'
The third entry says that "avoq" after a (: {-a/}) may be .uvoq.
The first entry suggests the "semi-transitive" (or
Object-suppressing) affix .(T)ivoq
instead. It is added to a transitive verbal stem. (The still more complex
analysis obtained with "11" in fact involves .(T)ivoq.)
You obtain explanation to most other
terms and signs if you give them through [input]. The class digits (0/2/4) must
be given in parentheses: "(0)" etc. A list is shown initially in
[Grammar]Class digits and inflexions.