How to use the programme
In [Guide]Introduction
it is explained how you make GroenOrd available on
your computer. As said, the running programme has a
topmost bar with a number of push-buttons on the screen: [input] [full articles
+] [++] [+-] [Bdg '] [analysis -] [with Danish -+]
[right part /]. Last come: [Guide] [Grammar] [vejledning]
[grammatik] and Window.
The main window contains an
upper left window with results and a lower right window with guide or
dictionary. If you place the cursor on the uppermost blue bar of a window and
press the left mouse button down, the window will follow the cursor.
Here follows an explanation
to the first eight push-buttons, ending with [right part /].
[input]
[full articles +] [++] [+-] [Bdg
']
The first push-button above
is [input]; if you push it, a small dialog box will pop up. Here you may write
the Greenlandic or Danish word that is to be looked up. You may also point at
the word in a window and double click the left mouse button, or point and tap the
mouse pad on a laptop PC. It is possible to write in the window 'resultater / results'.
Now give the word "qajaavoq" (without quotation marks). In the result
window the programme will respond:
looked in (double
click/tap) : K35 f16 O105 B77 d121
Kr: (r25,21) _qajaavoq,
omkommer i kajak.
OseP: (i84;88 1) {qajaq;
PI 319:8 qayau-} >qajaavoq
. er omkommet i kajak E has perished in a kayak *
OseP(2): (i84;88 2) [qajaa
2 10.] * >qajaavoq: =qaannakkut
=ajunaarpoq; _qajaasoqarajoqaaq,
qajaangajappoq
The word was found in Kr
(r25,21) and in OseP (i84,88
1 and 2), see [Guide]Introduction. The meaning apparently is '[he] has perished
in a kayak', in Greenlandic: "qaannakkut ajunaarpoq". E.g. "i84;88
1" means the first segment of article (= line) no. 88 in the file i84.
A double click on
"K35" or "O105" gives the place in an alphabetical list of
entry words. The dictionary files proper, r and i,
are more comprehensive and their lines are not ordered alphabetically.
The programme
remembers the latest given word. It will show full lexicon articles if you give
an entry word through the push-button [full articles +], i.e. with a sign
"+":
Kr: (r25,21) _qajaavoq,
omkommer i kajak.
OseP: (i84,88) {qajaq;
PI 319:8 qayau-} >qajaavoq
. er omkommet i kajak E has perished in a kayak * >qajaavoq: =qaannakkut =ajunaarpoq; _qajaasoqarajoqaaq, _qajaangajappoq
If you give a word through
the push-button [++], i.e. with signs "++", the programme
will also show some references in Ose to other articles
and dictionaries. Here are none, but see below under [analysis -].
A double click on
"88" in "i84;88" also displays the
full article on the screen. And a double click on "88" in "i84,88" (with a comma) will show that region of the
dictionary file i84 in a new window down to the right. The lines are not broken
at the right window border if you add a "-" in front (i.e. "-i84,88") before double clicking on "88".
Give a word through the
push-button [+-] and see the articles just as they are in the lexicon:
(r25,21) * _qajaavoq,
omkommer i kajak.
(i84,88) "qajaa
2 10.*{qajaq; PI 319:8 qayau-}
+voq . er omkommet i kajak \ has perished
in a kayak * >qajauvoq:
=qáinákut =ajunârpoq; _qajau%ssoqarajoqaoq, _qajau%ngajagpoq.
The dictionary P (after an
"*" last in the articles from OseP) is now
shown in the original, more detailed old orthography. The programme
otherwise transforms P to new orthography before it is shown on the screen.
First in the article from OseP (when you give the word through [+-]) comes the stem
form. qajaa2 is an intransitive (10.) verbal stem (2).
The following curly bracket tells us that this stem probably is a derivation of
the stem in the word "qajaq". "PI 319:8 qayau-"
is information from CED = Comparative Eskimo Dictionary. "qayau-" is the proposed Inuit proto-form; it occurs as
no. 8 on page 319 in the second edition (2010) of CED. A double click on
"8" after "319:" will show all occurencies
of this proto-form in OseP; here is just this one.
You may give terms like "PI" in and obtain a short explanation. A
full list is found in [Guide]Abbreviations in CED. A
double click on "f16" will show a list of proto-forms and their place
(such as 319:8) in CED.
The programme
also looked for the given word in the alphabetically ordered Bdg = Danish-Greenlandic dictionary (1960) by Aage Bugge and others, see [Guide]Introduction. ("qajaavoq"
and) a double click on "B77" will show the (approximate) place in Bdg where the programme stopped
its search for the given word (which isn't Danish).
If you give a Danish or
Greenlandic word through the push-button [Bdg '],
i.e. with a sign "'", the programme will
show the articles in Bdg where the word occurs.
The programme
shows the first up to 50 finds in each dictionary or word list. You may write
another maximum number between 1 and 200 (and a space) before the given word,
e.g. "3 kajak".
[analysis
-]
If you give a word through
[analysis -], i.e. with a sign "-", the programme
will attempt an analysis. Try with "qajaavoq":
qajaavoq, qa=jaa=voq
(2 4 3)
OseP: (i84;88 1) {qajaq; PI
319:8 qayau- +} >qajaavoq
. er omkommet
i kajak E has perished in a
kayak *
OseP(2): (i84;88 2) *
>qajaavoq: =qaannakkut =ajunaarpoq; _qajaasoqarajoqaaq, _qajaangajappoq
More (double click/tap) : K r P g 0 4 11
Now the programme
also shows how the given word is divided in (Greenlandic) syllables. The second
syllable has the 'weight' 2+2=4 because the vowel is long (aa).
The third syllable has the 'weight' 2+1=3 because it ends in a consonant (q).
The word is pronounced with most stress on the heavier second syllable. When
the syllables of a word have equal 'weight', there is more stress on the first,
third and fifth etc. syllable from the end.
Last comes
a line with letters and numbers. You may select one of them at a time by double
clicking or by pointing and tapping. Selection of a letter will show what the programme has found in the dictionary in question. If you
give the letter with a sign "-", the articles are shown just as they
are in the dictionary.
("-qajaavoq"
and) selection of "P" gives:
P : tekstord i Ordbogeeraq E word in the text
of (Ose)P (dobbeltklik på tal efter ';' viser
hele artiklen E double click on number after ';'
shows the full article)
OseP: (i84;25 12) -#qaannakkut =pivoq: =qajaavoq
More (double click/tap) : K r O g 0 4 11
(Other uses of "P"
will be shown if the latest analysis gave nothing under this letter.)
Selection of "0"
(the digit) gives:
0 : enkleste analyse(r) E simplest analysis/analyses
Analysis : qajaa/voq/ = qajaa2.Poq1.€0 (indi,3e)
<qajaa2 verbalstamme E verbal stem> OseP: (i84;88) {qajaq; PI 319:8 qayau-} >qajaavoq . er
omkommet i kajak E has perished in a kayak * >qajaavoq: =qaannakkut =ajunaarpoq; _qajaasoqarajoqaaq, _qajaangajappoq
<.Poq1 indikativ (fremsættemåde) E indicative>
<.€0 3. person ental E 3rd person singular>
More (double click/tap) : K r O P g 4 11
"qajaavoq" is probably the verbal stem qajaa2
with inflexion for indicative, 3rd person singular. "4" gives a more
complex analysis:
4
Analysis : qaja/a/voq/ = qajaq4.u2.Poq1.€0 (indi,3e) [-u-]
<qajaq4 navnestamme
E noun stem> OseP:
(i84;201) {PE 319:5 qayaR}
>qajaq . kajak S (med mand i) E kayak (with a man in it)
| >qaannat . kajakker,
kajakmænd | >qaannat =marluk =aggerput: S der kommer to kajakmænd roende E there are two kayak men who come paddling | -#qaannap -#qaannamut -#qaannanut | >qajara =iluarsarallarlara: S lad mig først ordne min kajak! E let me first arrange my
kayak | -#qaannama -#qajaa
-§qajarpoq | -§qajakasiga
-§qajakua #qajapilorujussuaq
| #qajarsiaq #qajarsiaa |
-§qajarsissagaluarama #qajassaa
* >qajaq, t aann -§qajartaarpoq,
#qajarsiorpoq, &qajassiaq | >qaannat,
tq | -#qaannakkut =pivoq: =qajaavoq
<.u2 føjes til navnestamme, danner
verbalstamme E is added to a noun
stem, forms a verbal stem> 'er
(en/et) ..' .uvoq
<.Poq1 indikativ (fremsættemåde) E indicative>
<.€0 3. person ental E 3rd person singular>
More
(double click/tap) :
K r O P g 0 11
The stem qajaa2 'perish in a
kayak' may be qajaq4 expanded with .u2 'be (a) ..'. Or
"qajaavoq" may be "qajaq" with
the affix ".uvoq", as it is usually put.
You may enter them all by double clicking. "qajaavoq" doesn't mean 'he is a kayak', however;
but the kayaker is one with his vessel, and even more so when he hangs dead in
it. Later, only the kayak is found.
Double click on a word with
a sign other than "=" will show what another article or dictionary says about the word. Try it, and see an explanation in
[Guide]The dictionaries.
If you give a word through
the push-button [full articles +], viz. with a single "+" in front,
the references in Ose to other articles or
dictionaries are left out:
Kr: (r25,10) §qajaq,
2. (pl. =qaannat), 1) en kajak (den eskimoiske
mandfolkebåd, her altid kun til én mand og med én åre med blad i begge ender;
ellers også bekendt under navnet 'bajdar'); 2) manden
i sin kajak. Jvf. =umiaq.
OseP: (i84,25) {PE 319:5 qayaR} >qajaq . kajak E kayak (with a man in it) | >qaannat
O kajakker, kajakmænd | >qaannat =marluk =aggerput: S der kommer to kajakmænd roende E there are two
kayak men who come paddling | >qajara =iluarsarallarlara: S lad
mig først ordne min kajak! E let me first arrange my
kayak * >qajaq, t aann -§qajartaarpoq, #qajarsiorpoq, &qajassiaq | >qaannat, tq | -#qaannakkut =pivoq: =qajaavoq
[with
Danish -+]
If you give a word through
this push-button, the programme will also take Danish
word parts into consideration during analysis. See [Guide]Analysis
with Danish.
If the programme
(still) cannot recognize all the parts of the given word, it will add a
"0" before the numbers (for analyses) smaller than 10: 00, 01 and so
on. Numbers greater than 9 (09) are not shown in this case.
If you give a number for
already found analyses with signs "--", the programme
will show relation-and-Role diagrams for those analyses in a new window, see
[Grammar]Diagrams.
[right
part /]
The affix .uvoq occurs in the shape "avoq"
in "qajaavoq". If you cannot remember the
standard form, give "avoq" through the
pushbutton [right part /] and obtain some suggestions:
looked in (double
click/tap) : O3
<føjes til verbalstamme E is added to a verbal stem> OseP:
(i139,130) (2) {-a/} /avoq : .(T)ivoq '.. (nogen/noget)'
<føjes til verbalstamme E is added to a verbal stem> OseP(2):
(i146,198) (2) {-i/} /avoq : .javoq 'er tilbøjelig til at .., .. let'
<føjes til ord eller navnestamme E is added to a word or a noun stem> OseP(3):
(i155,139) (0/4) {-a/} /avoq : .uvoq 'er (en/et) ..'
The third entry says that
"avoq" after a (: {-a/}) may be .uvoq. The first suggests the "semi-transitive"
(or Object-suppressing) affix .(T)ivoq
instead. It is added to a transitive verbal stem. (The still more complex
analysis obtained with "11" in fact involves .(T)ivoq.)
You obtain explanation to
most other terms and signs if you give them in through [input]. The class
digits (0/2/4) must be given in parentheses: "(0)" etc. A list can be
found in [Grammar]Class digits and inflexions.