How to use the programme
In [Guide]Introduction
it is explained how you make GroenOrd available on
your computer. The running programme has a topmost bar with a number of
push-buttons on the screen: [input] [with P ,] [+]
[full OseP ,+] [+-] [Ose ;]
[Bdg '] [analysis -] [-+] [--] [/]. Last come:
[Guide] [Grammar] [vejledning] [grammatik]
and Window.
The main window contains an upper
left window with results and a lower right window with guide or dictionary. If
you place the cursor on the uppermost blue bar of a window and press the left
mouse button down, the window will follow the cursor.
Here follows an explanation to the
first eleven push-buttons, ending with [/]. I shall start with the first seven:
[input] [with P ,] [+] [full OseP ,+] [+-] [Ose ;] [Bdg ']
The first push-button above is
[input]; if you push it, a small dialog box will pop up. Here you may write the
Greenlandic or Danish word that is to be looked up. You may also point at the
word in a window and double click the left mouse button, or point at the word
and tap the mouse pad on a laptop PC. It is possible to write in the window 'resultater / results'.
Now give the word "qajaavoq" (without quotation marks). In the result
window the programme will respond:
looked in (double
click / tap) : K171 f30 O215 B77
Kr: (r25,21)
_qajaavoq, omkommer i kajak.
OseP: (i84;49 1)
{qajaq; PI 319:8 qayau-}
>qajaavoq . er
omkommet i kajak E has perished in a kayak *
The word was found in Kr (r25,21) and in OseP (i84,49 1), see
[Guide]Introduction. The meaning apparently is '[he] has perished in a kayak'. E.g.
"i84;49 1" means the first segment of
article (= line) no.
A double click on "K171"
will show the place in an an
alphabetical list of entry words in the lexicon Kr. A double click on
"O216" will show the place in an alphabetical list of entry words in
the lexicon OseP.
If you give the word through the
push-button [with P ,], the programme will also show
what it has found in (P =) the purely Greenlandic part of OseP:
OseP(2): (i84;49 2) P * >qajaavoq:
=qaannakkut =ajunaarpoq; _qajaasoqarajoqaaq, _qajaangajappoq
The programme remembers the latest
given word. Give it through [full OseP ,+], .i.e. with signs ",+", and obtain:
OseP: (i84,49) {qajaq; PI 319:8 qayau-} >qajaavoq . er omkommet
i kajak E has perished in a
kayak * >qajaavoq: =qaannakkut
=ajunaarpoq; _qajaasoqarajoqaaq,
_qajaangajappoq
If you give the word through [+],
the programme will show full articles from Kr and reduced full articles from OseP:
Kr: (r25,21)
_qajaavoq, omkommer i kajak.
OseP: (i84,49) {qajaq;
PI 319:8 qayau-} >qajaavoq
. er omkommet i kajak *
The English translation and P are
not shown.
A double click on "49" in
"i84;49" also displays the full article on
the screen. And a double click on "49" in "i84,49"
(with a comma) will show that region of the dictionary file i84 in a new
central window. The lines are not broken at the right window border if you add
a "-" in front (i.e. "-i84,49")
before double clicking on "49".
Give a word through the push-button
[+-] and see the articles as they are in the lexicon:
(r25,21) * _qajaavoq, omkommer i kajak.
(i84,49) "qajaa
2 10.*{qajaq; PI 319:8 qayau-}
+voq . er omkommet i kajak \ has perished
in a kayak * >qajauvoq:
=qáinákut =ajunârpoq; _qajau%ssoqarajoqaoq, _qajau%ngajagpoq.
The dictionary P (after an
"*" last in the articles from OseP) is
given in the original, more detailed old orthography (but you must leave out
"%" [and "+"] inside words). The programme otherwise
transforms P to new orthography before showing it on the screen.
First in the article from OseP (when you give the word through [+-]) comes the stem
form. qajaa2 is an intransitive (10.) verbal stem (2).
The following curly bracket tells us that this stem probably is a derivation of
the stem in the word "qajaq". "PI
319:8 qayau-" is information from CED =
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary. "qayau-" is
the proposed Proto Inuit form; it occurs as no. 8 on page
OseP contains two Greenlandic-Danish dictionaries, viz
O and s = S, see [Guide]Introduction. " . " after the word indicates that it is in both
dictionaries, and then O and the English translation (e) of s are shown (if you
did not give the word through [+]). But you may obtain s by giving the word
through the push-button [Ose ;]:
(a122,103) "qajaavoq
>qajaavoq . er omkommet i kajak
O and s say the same in this case.
The programme also looked for the
given word in the alphabetically ordered Bdg =
Danish-Greenlandic dictionary (1960). ("qajaavoq"
and) a double click on "B77" will show the place in Bdg where the programme stopped its search for the given
word (which isn't Danish).
If you give a Danish or Greenlandic
word through the push-button [Bdg '], i.e. with a
sign "'", the programme will show the article segments in Bdg where the word occurs. The programme shows the first up
to 100 finds. You may write another maximum number between 1 and 200 (and a
space) before the word given in.
If you give a Danish or English word
through the push-button [Ose ;], the programme will show the first up to 100 article
segments in OseP where the word occurs. Again you may
give another maximum number (1-200) and a space before the word given in. "3
kajak" or "3 kayak" through [Ose ;]
thus gives:
OseP: (i2;16 2) =qaanni >assattorpaa : S han banker på sin kajak (for at blive hørt) E he strikes on his
kayak in order to be heard
OseP(2):
(i2;49 1) {cf. assakarpoq;
PI 11:4 akSagiitkutaq} >assagiikkut
. harpunholder (på en kajak) E harpoon knob (peg
on the kayak on which the harpoon rests to prevent it from slipping overboard)
*
OseP(3): (i3;27 1) {PE
62:9 ayag-} >ajappaa S støder det fra
sig, støtter det (ved at sætte en stiver under det), sætter tværtræer//tofter i den (kajakken//båden) E pushes
it away, stays it (by putting a prop under it), inserts cross-trees // seats into it (the
kayak//boat) |
[analysis
-]
If you give a word through [analysis
-], i.e. with a sign "-", the programme will attempt an analysis. Try
with "qajaavoq":
qajaavoq, qa=jaa=voq (2 4 3)
OseP: (i84;49 1) {qajaq; PI 319:8 qayau- +} >qajaavoq . er omkommet
i kajak E has perished in a
kayak *
OseP(2): (i84;49 2) P * >qajaavoq:
=qaannakkut =ajunaarpoq; _qajaasoqarajoqaaq, _qajaangajappoq
More (double click / tap) : K r p g 0 4 11
Now the programme also shows how the
given word is divided in (Greenlandic) syllables. The second syllable has the
'weight' 2+2=4 because the vowel is long (aa).
The third syllable has the 'weight' 2+1=3 because it ends in a consonant (q). The
word is pronounced with most stress on the heavier second syllable. When the
syllables of a word have equal 'weight', there is more stress on the first,
third and fifth etc. syllable from the end.
Last comes
a line with letters and numbers. You may select one of them at a time by double
clicking or by pointing and tapping. Selection of a letter will show what the programme
has found in the dictionary in question.
("-qajaavoq"
and) selection of "p" gives:
p : tekstord i Ordbogeeraq E word in the text of (Ose)P (dobbeltklik på tal efter
';' viser hele artiklen E double click on number after ';' shows the full
article)
OseP: (i83;211
12) -#qaannakkut
=pivoq: =qajaavoq
More (double click / tap) : K r O g 0 4 11
Selection of "0" (the
digit) gives:
0 : enkleste analyse(r) E simplest analysis/analyses
Analysis : qajaa/voq/ = qajaa2.Poq1.€0 (indi,3e)
<qajaa2 verbalstamme E verbal stem> OseP: (i84;49
1) {qajaq; PI
319:8 qayau-} >qajaavoq
. er omkommet i kajak E has perished in a kayak *
<.Poq1 indikativ (fremsættemåde) E indicative>
<.€0 3. person
ental E 3rd person singular>
More (double click / tap) : K r O p g 4 11
"qajaavoq" is probably the verbal stem qajaa2
with inflexion for indicative, 3rd person singular. "4" gives a
deeper analysis:
4
Analysis :
qaja/a/voq/
= qajaq4.u2.Poq1.€0 (indi,3e) [-u-]
<qajaq4 navnestamme E noun stem> OseP: (i83;211
1) {PE 319:5 qayaR}
>qajaq . kajak
S (med mand i) E kayak
(with a man in it) |
<.u2 føjes til
navnestamme, danner verbalstamme E is added to a noun stem, forms a verbal stem> 'være (en/et) ..' .uvoq
<.Poq1 indikativ (fremsættemåde) E indicative>
<.€0 3. person ental E 3rd person singular>
More (double
click / tap) :
K r O p g 0 11
The stem qajaa2 'perish in a kayak'
may be qajaq4 expanded with .u2 'be (a) ..'. Or "qajaavoq" may be "qajaq"
with the affix ".uvoq", as it is usually
put. "qajaavoq"
doesn't mean 'he is a kayak', however; but the kayaker is one with his vessel,
and even more so when he hangs dead in it. Later, only the kayak is found.
The programme shows just the first segment
(i83;211 1) of the article for the stem; a double
click on the number (211) after "i83;" will show the full article.
[-+] [--]
If you give a word through the
push-button [-+], the programme will also take Danish word parts into
consideration during analysis. See [Guide]Analysis
with Danish.
If the programme (still) cannot
recognize all the parts of the given word, it will add a "0" before
the numbers (for found analyses) smaller than 10: 00, 01 and so on. Numbers
greater than 9 (09) are not shown in this case.
If you give a number for found
analyses (here 0 or 4) through the push-button [--], the programme will show
relation-and-Role diagrams for those analyses in a new window. See [Grammar]Diagrams.
[/]
The affix .uvoq
occurs in the shape "avoq" in "qajaavoq". If you cannot remember the standard form,
give "avoq" through the pushbutton [/] and
obtain some suggestions:
looked in (double
click / tap) : O6
<føjes
til verbalstamme E is added to a verbal stem> OseP:
(i139,148) (2) {-a/} /avoq : .(T)ivoq '.. (nogen/noget)'
<føjes til verbalstamme E is added to a verbal stem> OseP(2):
(i146,207) (2) {-i/} /avoq : .javoq 'er tilbøjelig til at .., .. let'
<føjes til ord eller navnestamme E is added to a word or a noun stem> OseP(3):
(i155,139) (0/4) {-a/} /avoq : .uvoq 'er (en/et) ..'
The third entry says that "avoq" after a (: {-a/}) may be .uvoq.
The first entry suggests the "semi-transitive" (or
Object-suppressing) affix .(T)ivoq
instead. It is added to a transitive verbal stem. (The still more complex
analysis obtained with "11" in fact involves .(T)ivoq.)
You obtain explanation to most other
terms and signs if you give them through [input]. The class digits (0/2/4) must
be given in parentheses: "(0)" etc. A list is shown initially in
[Grammar]Class digits, inflexions and affixes.